What is a common treatment for anaphylaxis?

Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis because it rapidly counters the life-threatening symptoms associated with severe allergic reactions. Anaphylaxis is characterized by the release of large amounts of histamine and other chemicals from the immune system, leading to symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat, rapid drop in blood pressure, and potential loss of consciousness.

The administration of epinephrine—typically via an auto-injector—works by causing vasoconstriction, which increases blood pressure, and bronchodilation, which helps to open the airways, thereby alleviating breathing difficulties. Its quick action can be critical for stabilizing a patient in an acute anaphylactic episode until further medical assistance is available. Other treatments, such as antihistamines and corticosteroids, can help reduce symptoms or prevent future reactions but are not suitable as immediate treatments for anaphylaxis. Oxygen may be provided as supportive care, but it does not address the underlying cause of the reaction.