What is the maximum amplitude of a standing wave in the given scenario?

In the context of standing waves, maximum amplitude is determined by the combined effects of constructive interference between waves traveling in opposite directions. When two waves of equal amplitude and frequency interfere in such a way that they coincide at certain points, they create nodes (points of no displacement) and antinodes (points of maximum displacement).

The maximum amplitude of a standing wave can be calculated or inferred from the wave's formation. If the two waves have a maximum amplitude of a certain value (for example, if they each have an amplitude of 2.25 cm), the resulting standing wave will reach a maximum amplitude of double that value at the antinodes—hence possibly leading to a maximum observed amplitude in a scenario with direct measurement or theoretical modeling.

In this case, 4.5 cm represents a plausible outcome from a combination of wave amplitudes if each were contributing equally. Given that 4.5 cm is often derived from wave interference principles where amplitudes add constructively, this value effectively indicates the highest displacement that can occur in a stationary wave system formed under ideal conditions. Thus, 4.5 cm serves as the correct interpretation based on standing wave dynamics, aligning well with physics principles regarding wave behavior and superposition.