Which of the following describes kinetic energy?

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy that an object possesses due to its motion. The fundamental principle is that this energy depends on two factors: the mass of the object and the square of its velocity. The formula for calculating kinetic energy is typically expressed as ( KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2 ), where ( m ) is the mass and ( v ) is the velocity of the object. This highlights that kinetic energy increases with both a heavier object and a faster speed, making it proportional to the mass of the moving object.

In contrast, the other options describe different forms of energy. Energy at rest is known as potential energy, not kinetic energy. Chemical energy refers to the energy stored within the bonds of chemical compounds and is released in reactions. Energy stored in an object also relates to potential energy rather than kinetic energy, as it depends on the object's position or configuration. Therefore, the correct choice clearly delineates the nature of kinetic energy as it relates to objects in motion.